Interactive Effects of Network Structure-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Interactive Effects of Network Structure and Cultural Diversity on Team Potency and Performance. Answer: The article investigates the interactive impacts of network structure and cultural composition on team potency and performance (Trster, Mehra van Knippenberg, 2014). The article takes into consideration the interactive impacts of tasks completed by a team and the impacts of the cultural diversity on the ability of the team members to perform. The article emphasizes upon the fact that a moderately centralized network enhances the team performance. In case of teams that comprised of individuals belonging to different cultures showed more efficiency when there was network density. The teams that comprise of individuals belonging to different cultures required higher level of centralization in order to perform better. The author has emphasized upon two theories that lead to team success namely compositional theory and structural theory. Compositional theory emphasizes upon the personal characteristics and traits of the team members whereas, structural theory emphasizes upon types of int eractions between the members of a team. With the increase in globalization, there has been a rise in the number of multinational organizations, which comprise of people belonging to different cultural backgrounds (Miner, 2015). This increases the chances of interpersonal conflicts. Therefore, a proper organizational structure is necessary for managing the teams and improving the relationships among the team members to improve the overall organizational performance. The author emphasizes upon the importance of networks that have a huge impact on the performance of the team members. The article examines the ways in which the aspects of the team context interact with the diversity of the team and the team structure. The paper focuses upon the degree of inter connectedness among the team members and the degree of centralization within the teams. The author investigated the impact of centralization on the performance of the teams that comprised of individuals belonging to different cultures in order to determine the best organizational structure for the team success. For this purpose, the author analyzed the data obtained from 91 self- managed teams, which comprised of 456 individuals belonging to 60 nationalities. On investigating, the author found that network density had positive impacts on culturally diverse teams and moderate centralization improves the overall performance of these teams. The article is based upon the organizational behavior in the organizations that comprise of culturally diversified teams. Organizational behavior deals with the study of the human behavior within an organization when the organizational members interact with each other (Luthans, Luthans Luthans, 2015). This article deals with the study of human behavior in the organizations that comprise of individuals belonging to different cultural ba ckgrounds and the methods that enhance their performance when working in a team. According to Vasu, Stewart Garson (2017), globalization has resulted in the cultural diversity in the organizations all over the world. Individuals belonging to different nations, cultures, gender and race work together, which increases the chances of conflicts and disputes within the organizations. The outcome and performance of the team is highly dependent upon the degree of cultural diversity among the teams. Many a times, cultural diversity results in coordination and communication problems among the team members. On the contrary, according to Jones George (2015), culturally diverse teams usually have better group thinking. Diverse teams usually examine facts more critically and tend to remain objective. The team members closely observe the actions of the other team members and are more aware of their personal biasness. Diverse teams tend to process the facts cautiously and make better decisions. Since the team members belong to different cultural background, their thinking processes differ to a great extent that results in more creative and innovative ideas and solutions. Hiring individuals belonging to different cultural backgrounds helps an organization to retain the most efficient human resources (Wagner III Hollenbeck, 2014). Diverse teams tend to be more productive and perform better. Additionally, there is always greater opportunity for personal as well as professional growth in a diverse team. On the other hand, according to Wine, Reis Hantula (2014), in case of negative cultural stereotypes, integration across the diverse teams becomes difficult. Many a times, it becomes difficult to understand the view points of the others and language becomes a major concern in diverse teams. Individuals in a diverse team tend to have different understanding of situations. However, it is necessary to provide some time to the members of diverse teams to adjust and solve the differences among each other. It has been observed many times that diverse teams initially perform poorer when compared with the homogeneous teams. However, with the passage of time they tend to out- perform the homogeneous teams. The article clearly explains the structure that leads to successful team performance. The article states the interactive effects of network structure and cultural diversity on team potency and performance with the help of proper theories and hypotheses. It explains the relationship between network structure and the performance of a diverse team. Dense network team refers to the groups in which there are proper connections between the team members. The structure of a team is determined by the dispersion of decision making authority and the methods of allocation of tasks among the team members (Hajro, Gibson Pudelko, 2017). The hypothesis 1 states that team performance in diverse teams is the highest when there is moderate centralization. The hypothesis 2 states that team potency increases with the increase in the network density. The hypothesis 3 states that there network density and team potency are more positive in diverse team when compared with homogenous teams. The hypothesis 4 states that, the inverted u- shaped relationship between the network centralization and performance of the teams is usually moderated by the cultural diversity in the teams. The results have proven that team diversity might be a major contingency factor in the relationship between the network structure of a team, the level of team potency achieved within the team, and the teams performance (Kaiser et al., 2013). The article has covered all the obvious compounds that drive this effect and the IV/DV have been properly measured in this article. The findings obtained from this article can be utilized by the real organizations in solving the issues of interpersonal conflicts. Some of the major organizations that have cultural diversity are Pwc, Johnson Johnson, Abbott, Deloitte, Procter Gamble, Accenture, and several others. These organizations have their presence in several countries and comprises of employees belonging to different cultures and backgrounds. From the findings of this article, these organizations can improve their overall efficiency by ensuring that there is moderate centralization in the team (Triana et al., 2014). The organizations can implement workflow network density in the organizations as it positively impacts the team potency. Since the network density has positive relation with the team potency in diverse teams, the multi cultural organizations must proper workflow network density in order to enhance the team potency. It is necessary to handle the interpersonal conflicts in diverse teams with much care. Workplace conflict is a common issue witnessed in diverse teams, which occurs due to cultural differences, personality, traits and working style. The conflicts might occur between employees and the employers and also among the employees (Huettermann, Kunze Bruch, 2015). This has huge negative impacts on the organizational performance and is required to be solved. Therefore, it is necessary to provide team members sufficient time to adjust with the working environment and cope up with the challenges. The team members are required to be given proper training so that they can embrace the workplace diversity. For example, Accenture is aiming towards maintaining an equal ratio of men and women within the organization. The organization comprises of employees belonging to different nations and cultures (Smith, 2017). The organization has attempted to create a positive inclusive environment within the org anization by demonstrating that biasness can appear to be expected as well as unexpected. Therefore, it can be concluded that team diversity can prove to be fruitful for the organizational growth and success if managed properly. The human behavior in the organizations comprises of individuals belonging to different cultural backgrounds and the methods that enhance their performance when working in a team (Singh Selvarajan, 2013). The article emphasized upon the fact that a moderately centralized network enhances the team performance. In case of organizations that are comprised of individuals belonging to different cultures showed more efficiency when there was network density. The teams that comprise of individuals belonging to different cultures required higher level of centralization in order to perform better. The diverse teams in which the members are more interconnected are deemed to perform better than the homogeneous teams. However, it is necessary to provide some time to the members of diverse teams to adjust and solve the differences among each other. The struct ural theories are very useful in improving the coordination and performance of the diverse teams as it emphasizes on the patterns of interactions between the team members. References: Hajro, A., Gibson, C. B., Pudelko, M. (2017). Knowledge exchange processes in multicultural teams: Linking organizational diversity climates to teams effectiveness.Academy of Management Journal,60(1), 345-372. Huettermann, H., Kunze, F., Bruch, H. (2015, January). Promoting Diversity Climate: The Interplay of Organizational-Level LMX and Top Management Leadership. InAcademy of Management Proceedings(Vol. 2015, No. 1, p. 14317). Academy of Management. Jones, G., George, J. (2015).Contemporary management. McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Kaiser, C. R., Major, B., Jurcevic, I., Dover, T. L., Brady, L. M., Shapiro, J. R. (2013). Presumed fair: ironic effects of organizational diversity structures.Journal of personality and social psychology,104(3), 504. Luthans, F., Luthans, B. C., Luthans, K. W. (2015).Organizational behavior: An evidence-based approach. IAP. Miner, J. B. (2015).Organizational behavior 1: Essential theories of motivation and leadership. Routledge. Singh, B., Selvarajan, T. T. (2013). Is it spillover or compensation? Effects of community and organizational diversity climates on race differentiated employee intent to stay.Journal of business ethics,115(2), 259-269. Smith, W. C. (2017).Power and Intersectionality: Interpreting the Dutch Organizational Diversity Program(Master's thesis). Triana, M. C., Rabl, T., Byun, S. Y., Chapa, O. (2014, January). Organizational Diversity Efforts and Employee Discrimination Claims: Organizational Motives Matter. InAcademy of Management Proceedings(Vol. 2014, No. 1, p. 10784). Academy of Management. Trster, C., Mehra, A., van Knippenberg, D. (2014). Structuring for team success: The interactive effects of network structure and cultural diversity on team potency and performance.Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes,124(2), 245-255. Vasu, M. L., Stewart, D. W., Garson, G. D. (Eds.). (2017).Organizational Behavior and Public Management, Revised and Expanded. Routledge. Wagner III, J. A., Hollenbeck, J. R. (2014).Organizational behavior: Securing competitive advantage. Routledge. Wine, B., Reis, M., Hantula, D. A. (2014). An evaluation of stimulus preference assessment methodology in organizational behavior management.Journal of Organizational Behavior Management,34(1), 7-15.

What Experts Are Not Saying About Open Ended Essay Topics and What It Means For You

What Experts Are Not Saying About Open Ended Essay Topics and What It Means For You The Start of Open Ended Essay Topics My essay would grow to be a completely different beast. Either kind of question can be utilised in a diverse number of scenarios. Require you need to explicitly recognize the topics. If this escalation failed to create the results which were expected, people began to develop into doubtful. The war also had great influences on the American individuals. It was created to turn over the duty of war to South Vietnam. Among the chief impacts of the war was the division it caused among the folks. I think that the cure for a lot of the people's ailments isn't only in medicine, it's in the care they receive as patients in hospitals and their homes. Many times, they can offer a confidence boost or even provide ideas to help you study for their precise test. Make certain that the sentences make sense and there are not any typos, and meaningless sentences. In addition, practice tests are able to help you create the skills you have to answer different kinds of test questions. It is advised to look for the one which has a superior reputation and offers high-quality papers at inexpensive rates. In addition, a customer may ask the writer to submit part of the job for review and, if needed, ask her or him to make corrections. The degree to which different assessment formats measure proficiency over the whole variety of complexity of understanding and performance is just one of the central issues in assessment. The target of that article was supposed to supply you with the necessities and to offer you an easy explanation on selecting a topic. My preceding article laid out some simple info about the protracted essay, a core part of the IB Diploma Programme. Within the next article, I begin to unravel the research approach. In a complete scale research undertaking, the author would use a blend of quantitative and qualitative question to be able to establish opinions, thoughts, or beliefs about the topic. The essay must require students to create their reasoning explicit in order in order for it to be assessed. At times, the essays are rather straightforward. It's therefore crucial that you know what a definition essay is. Have a look at our free essays to the value of three different types. The essay is easily the most important portion of a university appllication, see sample essays perfect for this section has two examples of excellent college essays. Make sure you're writing the conclusion within a paragraph of about a few lines based on the term count prescribed by your college or university. Frequently, college students are expected to compose a definition essay. Therefore, many students and employees decide to get affordable essay rather than writing it themselves. If you wish to order a custom made essay written by professional essay writers you can get in touch with expert essay writing services which can help you compose a paper for you. The paper ought to be concluded by the formulation of the general opinion and last conclusion about the topic of an interview. PaperCoach can assist you with all your papers, so take a look at this time! The Lost Secret of Open Ended Essay Topics The goal isn't just to inform but to present personal reflection and philosophies throughout the story-telling too. In reality, this question is broader than the preceding one because my investigation isn't confined to the connection between friendship and great vs. evil. Closed-ended questions may also be utilised in the situations mentioned previously, even though they have the capability to end the conversation. With the very same questions and the very same fears. They lost enthusiasm and began to offer offensive and biased reports. First impressions never truly go away, so make an attempt to present yourself as a confident and respectful small business associate. The style, topic and voice of your private essay needs to have the punch to create the audience think.

Argumentative Easy Essay Topics For Seventh Graders

Argumentative Easy Essay Topics For Seventh GradersAs a teacher, one of the things I like to do is write up argumentative easy essay topics for 7th graders. The students are usually all given a topic and told they have until Monday to write a topic based on it. It is an easy way to give them some good topics to work with when writing their essays.Argumentative essay topics are the best essay topics because they give the students room to state their opinion and to express what they know. It allows the students to get their points across in a straightforward way and they are able to do this without necessarily lying. They know that if they tell the truth, their opinion will not be valid and they will be wrong on the point they are trying to make.When you are looking for argumentative, easy essay topics for seventh graders, you should find one that is interesting. That is the one that really gets the attention of the students. The most important thing is that the student feels that he o r she has been given an interesting topic to write about.Argumentative easy essay topics can be anything from politics to movies and more. You can also look at local news stories to help you get the students interested in those topics. Local news stories are very topical and appeal to most eighth graders.You might also want to look at other countries that they could be familiar with and ask them about politics. A discussion on any issues regarding a certain country or anything of importance related to a country can be great to have when using argumentative easy essay topics for seventh graders. Once you have found something to talk about, it can be a great topic for your essay.It is good to get the students interested in their own country. If a student has friends who live in another country, ask them if they have a comment or two about that country. It is good to get the students involved in having an opinion about something they feel strongly about.You can also look at movies that would interest the students and ask them if they have any funny ideas or facts that relate to them. This is the perfect opportunity to get them to talk about something they are interested in. You can use argumentative easy essay topics for seventh graders to get them to think outside of the box.There are many ways to use local news stories as your essay topics for seventh graders. This is one of the easiest ways to get them to write something original. You can then be prepared to follow up with them at the end of the semester to get their opinion on what was done well.

Instant Solutions to Persuasive Essay Topics Music in Step by Step Detail

Instant Solutions to Persuasive Essay Topics Music in Step by Step Detail Whenever you intend to compose an essay, it's advised that you clearly sort out all your ideas on a bit of paper and take a while to elaborate on them. If it's necessary to compose your whole essay in 1 day, do your very best to give yourself breaks so you don't burn out. Still, figuring out the ideal topic for your essay isn't your only concern for a student. There are many intriguing topics that could be become a persuasive essay if you take the opportunity to think about doing it. Good persuasive essay topics need to be persuasive. Persuasive essays are an excellent method to encourage the reader to check at a particular topic in a different light. All things considered, you can observe that writing a persuasive essay isn't a brain surgery. Writing a great persuasive essay is not an easy job, however, it's achievable. As a way to prevent that from happening, here are a few pointers on the best way to opt for the finest persuasive speech topics. Choosing persuasive speech topics isn't very hard. Delivering informative speeches is a rather important portion of any student's academic life. Choosing Persuasive Speech Topics A persuasive speech cannot be effective in the event the speaker chooses the incorrect topic. If you're writing a persuasive speech, and let's say you have plenty of freedom to pick a topic. The point is to receive your point across to others easily. When you are in possession of a good idea for a speech topic, researching it is going to be fun and effortless. Whatever the case, it's always a better idea to work with a topic that is very close to you and that you are in possession of a genuine interest in, rather than just picking a random topic. There are just a few things that define whether an essay you're working on is going to be a good one. All you have to do is to start with restating the topic and afterwards examine the facts you have indicated in the body of the essay so you can fully back your point or ideas. The writers ought to be in a position to adhere to the directions given in order to avoid revisions and make certain the clients are fulfilled by the quality of work. On the flip side, writers who have over five years experience are in a position to decide on the ideal topic and develop it based on the needs of the customer. Top Persuasive Essay Topics Music Choices Then you already understand what your topic ought to be. If you do have to talk about an assortment of topics, it's much better to compose individual emails for each of them. If you get to select your own topic, that's wonderful. Naturally, topics which are still relevant in 2018 are the very best. If you're told to compose an expository paper that's devoted to Ancient Rome, it most likely means you should choose one particular facet of life in the Ancient Rome and describe it correctly. When the meaning is clear, you must delve deep into understanding the effect of deforestation. To choose which subject you're likely to discuss, it's crucial to see the complete collection of good persuasive speech topics from the specific area of study. In such cases, you don't wish to decide on topics that require lots of research and preparation. The Persuasive Essay Topics Music Cover Up Not everybody has what it requires to be an excellent speaker. What's more, the audience was served and they win. MP3 music needs to be free. Life, Death, and Persuasive Essay Topics Music Year round school isn't a good idea. Then you're interested in figuring out how to compose persuasive paper. To defend your subject, you can recall the effect of overloaded schedule on college grades. There are s everal persuasive essay topics to select from to finish your high school or college assignment.

Writing Your GMAT Essay Sample

Writing Your GMAT Essay SampleIf you're thinking about getting your MBA from a University then you should think about writing a Gmat essay sample. Writing an essay about Gmat is an easy task to do, you simply follow the tips and suggestions you find in this article. Here are five things to consider:Take the time to determine your competitive career outlook. What is the normal amount of workload you will have to cope with before you will finally be able to do all of the studying you need to do? Are you prepared to accept it?Writing your Gmat essay can be a lot of fun. So, if you have a passion for it then let your personality shine through.Your Gmat essay is not just a writing project. You can change your minds a lot and most of the times you will have to do some clarifications if you want to finish a draft. So it is important that you know your Gmat preparation thoroughly before you actually start writing.You will be needing some help if you want to write this Gmat essay sample. The following are some tips you can use to make the writing easier. The next time you're writing an essay or any essay for that matter, just remember that you're writing for a student, not an agent.One of the biggest tips you can use for writing your Gmat essay is to be more concise. Trying to write a long essay in a way that doesn't cover all the points and activities you need to cover with regards to Gmat will make it very difficult for the grade to be released. Make sure you make all of the points that need to be covered with clear so you won't need to use lots of abstract words.Finally, this is something most students struggle with when writing essays for the GMAT. Try to write in an easier and conversational tone when you're writing. You need to sound like you're talking to a friend.

Life And Christ Essays - Chitto Harjo, Muscogee People,

Life And Christ In 1994 my Pa (Grandfather) died and in 1995 my Dad died and now just last month my other Grandfather died. When my Pa died I lost Faith in God for a day or to because I thought God did it for some bad reason or the other. When my other Grandfather died nothing affected me I guess because I didn't know him that well but it did bring back memories of my father dying and another thing was that when we were at the site of the grave my Grandfather was being buried right next to my Dad and they set up all the Chairs where my Dad's grave was and hid it. It may not seem like a big deal to most people but it had affected me. When my Dad died I lost faith more than any other time because he was so close to me he was sick with cancer and he still made time to play with me. The times I remember most was when he would sit in his recliner chair and watch T.V. and during the commercials we would throw a miniature Nerf football back and forth. Another time would be when it was lighting and thundere d outside in the middle of the night I would wake up immediately to go see my father sitting on the couch and I would go sit next to him because I was scared of thunderstorms. He was scared of thunderstorms too; I didn't know this till after he died, and I always went in there so I wouldn't be scared of the rain. When I found out he was scared of thunderstorms it made me think that we were protecting each other from the same fear. I think that is something that only happed because God was with us both. When he was in the Hospital a thunderstorm had started and he called the nurse in to open the curtains for him so he could watch and during the storm he said he saw an Angel and after that he was no longer afraid of thunderstorms. When I found out he had died I just came back from SeaWorld. After that I had lost Faith in God and stop praying. I let myself think about what had happened and realized that he had so many problems with his body that I was glad God took him into Heaven So h e would have a better life. I asked God to help me with my recent problems by praying to him and one to two years later I met Joe, my stepfather, he has help me to take care of these problems, learn about the Bible, My school problems, and much, much more, he also took over the job my dad had. I probably wouldn't have Joe here right now if it weren't for God. I think God put him here to help mold me. Religion Essays

The Tale of Two Perspectives Professor Ramos Blog

The Tale of Two Perspectives -ABSFreePic.com The Tale of Two Perspectives Many extremely different cultures have been examined across the United States of America for as long as it has existed. Because the country is so large and spread far and wide, it is impossible for there to be only one culture and therefore just one singular way to identify as an American. There have been very many interpretations and perspectives on what it means to be an American. However, many authors have attempted through their writing to express what it means to be an American and how to identify as an American. Through literature, both Carl Sandburg and Jean Toomer contributed to the growth of American identity through their own appreciations of different aspects of that identity, together creating an ultimate definition of an American. Carl Sandburg emphasized a whole American identity while Jean Toomer emphasized a cultural American identity. Carl Sandburg can be seen throughout many of his works to not necessarily encourage any particular American identity in the form of what a person looks like or where they come from (Maas). Sandburg seemed to actually value the way of life of the general American. This general life included working and laboring to build a better life for yourself. This perspective is most likely due to Sandburg’s own experiences throughout his life. He was born in a small, rural house and started working as a very young boy, laboring so that he may create a better life for himself. This perspective of laboring for a better life is obviously represented in his poem â€Å"Chicago.† The very first lines of the poem, Sandburg is naming off different occupations, stating â€Å"Hog Butcher for the World,/ Tool Maker, Stack of Wheat,/ Player with Railroads and the Nation’s Freight Handler;† (Sandburg 773). By having the list of the different occupations, which are more often than not essential to every day American life, Sandburg is showing his appreciation for labor and those who do it. He is acknowledging the identity of American workers, and expressing that to be American is to work for yourself and work towards the ever attractive American Dream. While Sandburg shows his specific appreciation for laboring in the poem â€Å"Chicago,† he is specifically referring to the city of Chicago. Chicago is often seen as the heart of the United States, as it is a top commerce location and many different people from many different walks of life will flock there. Sandburg is aware of this as he writes â€Å"Chicago.† He shows pride in the city that has become the home of so many people of different standings, pasts, and social statuses. He states in his poem, â€Å"Come and show me another city with lifted head singing so/ proud to be alive and coarse and strong and cunning† (Sandburg 773). In these two lines, he is stating that because of the many people who live and work in Chicago, there is no other city like it. He is understanding that though everyone in the city may have separate identities, they are one in the same in that they are proud to be where they are, and they are moving on stronger than they were before. With these lines, Sandburg is emphasizing that American identity is not where someone may come from or what they may be, but rather how proud they are to be what they are. Carl Sandburg is seen to show an appreciation for the strength of American people who are able to push through their hardships and come out stronger on the other side. This sentiment is obvious in his poem when says, â€Å"Under the smoke, dust all over his mouth, laughing with white teeth,/ Under the terrible burden of destiny laughing as a young man laughs,/ Laughing even as an ignorant fighter laughs who has never lost a battle,/ Bragging and laughing that under his wrist is the pulse, and under his ribs the heart of the people,/ Laughing!† (Sandburg 774). Through these lines, Sandburg is stating that through every burden a man may face in Chicago, he is able to laugh. Laughing in the face of danger is a common trope seen throughout hardships of history. Sandburg sees the legitimacy in this sentiment, as many people in Chicago have a rough go at it, but are able to survive and come out stronger than they were. This ability to be strong in the face of hardship is one of the major cornerstones of American life, as believed by Carl Sandburg. He is showing that he believes that in order to be an American, you have to be willing to come out of hardships as a stronger and better person. He believes that American identity includes facing hardships head on, and being stronger because of it. Jean Toomer, though he often wrote about the South including in â€Å"Cane† and his excerpt from it â€Å"Georgia Dusk,† he only visited the South twice and was not raised in a rural setting, but in white neighborhoods where he was mostly passing as white (Ramsey). With this in mind, it is interesting that Toomer wrote about the South. However, it can be assumed that because he originally grew up in white American neighborhoods, he aspired to experience and understand the culture of African Americans. This want to appreciate this culture can be seen in â€Å"Georgia Dusk† as Toomer attempts to identify with African Americans in the South. Toomer’s appreciation for the culture can be seen in â€Å"Georgia Dusk† when Toomer says, â€Å"Race memories of king and caravan,/ High-priests, an ostrich, and a juju-man,/ Go singing through the footpaths of the swamp† (Toomer 969). These lines show vivid imagery of the old culture of African Americans before coming to America. By acknowledging this older culture, with some of it still living on in later generations, Toomer is expressing the importance of owning a culture within America. He is showing a belief that in order for one to be an American, they must know their culture and embrace it. Jean Toomer shows a similar interpretation of labor in America to Carl Sandburg, as he acknowledges laboring. Toomer states, â€Å"The sawmill blows its whistle, buzz-saws stop,/ And silence breaks the bud of knoll and hill,/ Soft settling pollen where plowed lands fulfill/ Their early promise of a bumper crop† (Toomer 969). In these lines, Toomer is acknowledging how working will affect those in America. However, Toomer ties in how working affects the culture that he focuses on. While the men are working, he states that, â€Å"Their voices rise†¦ the pine trees are guitars,/ Strumming, pine-needles fall like sheets of rain†¦/ Their voices rise†¦ the chorus of the cane/ Is caroling a vesper to the stars† (Toomer 969). Toomer is expressing that the people are able to incorporate their beloved culture into their very much American laboring. Toomer seems to be emphasizing how versatile America is when it comes to culture, as people are able to work while still observing and expressing their culture. This shows a pride in that culture, as Toomer seems to emphasize. Toomer is focusing on an American identity that shows pride in the culture that one subscribes to. To Toomer, without this pride, one would not be worthy of calling themselves an American, as they would not have any identity to begin with. Carl Sandburg and Jean Toomer through their individual focuses on American identity are able to encompass what it means to be an American. Sandburg touches on the wholeness of American identity and how being American means working for a better life and being proud of how much stronger you can get. Meanwhile, Toomer focuses in â€Å"Georgia Dusk† on the cultural aspect of being American. He shows a belief that being an American means holding on to an original culture and carrying it through to America instead of abandoning it in order to assimilate as an American. He also focuses on the idea that one must have pride in their own culture and have that strong identity with that culture. Through both of these focuses, a more encompassing, yet still specific, definition of American identity can be made. Considering the two perspectives of Carl Sandburg and Jean Toomer, the combined and ultimate definition of American identity would be an identity associated with working hard, having any culture one would like, and having pride in both of those. Since these two authors have penned their respective works, America and Americans have changed drastically. However, both of their perspectives and the combined definition are still able to be held true, though with some societal challenges. The meaning of American has been lost within the last few decades with many social and economic strains. However, this idea of American identity may soon be rediscovered as time marches on. As people begin to regain their sense of pride in who they are, where they come from, and what they believe, the perspectives of both Carl Sandburg and Jean Toomer may soon be rediscovered and reimplemented as the standards of living within the American identity. Maas, David F. â€Å"Using Gs Extension Al Devices to Explore Carl Sandburg’s Poetry.† ETC: A Review of General Semantics, vol. 62, no. 4, Oct. 2005, pp. 411–419. EBSCOhost, search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=truedb=a9hAN=18596409site=ehost-live. Ramsey, William M. â€Å"Jean Toomer’s Eternal South.† Southern Literary Journal, vol. 36, no. 1, Fall 2003, pp. 74–89. EBSCOhost, doi:10.1353/slj.2003.0038. Sandburg, Carl. â€Å"Chicago.† The Norton Anthology: American Literature: 1865 to Present, edited by Robert S. Levine, W. W. Norton Company, 2017, pp 773-774. Toomer, Jean. â€Å"Georgia Dusk.† The Norton Anthology: American Literature: 1865 to Present, edited by Robert S. Levine, W. W. Norton Company, 2017, pp 968-969.